Daily MCQs – 25th Oct 23
Q1. Which of the following was not a recommendation of the Nehru Report?
(a) Federal form of Government in India
(b) Reservation of seats for Muslims
(c) Equal rights for women
(d) Separate communal electorates
Answer: (d)
Explanation:
Major recommendations of Nehru Report:
- A parliamentary system of governance with a bi-cameral legislature made up of a Senate and a House of Representatives should be granted to India.
- There should be Federal form of Government in India with Residuary powers to be vested in Centre.
- There were to be no separate electorate for minorities because it incites communal sentiments therefore it should be scrapped and joint electorate should be introduced.
- There will be no reserved seats for Punjabi and Bengali communities. However, in provinces with a minimum 10% Muslim population, seats may be reserved for Muslims.
- It recommended Nineteen fundamental rights including equal rights for women, right to form unions, and universal adult suffrage.
- Full protection to cultural and religious interests of Muslims.
- Complete dissociation of State from religion.
Q2. Consider the following statements :
- A variant shows distinct physical properties than its parent virus.
- Mutation and variant are can be used interchangeably.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer: (a)
Explanation:
Statement 1 is correct: A variant is referred to as a strain when it shows distinct physical properties. Put simply, a strain is a variant that is built differently, and so behaves differently, to its parent virus. These behavioural differences can be subtle or obvious.
Statement 2 is incorrect: The words ‘mutation’ and ‘variant’ are sometimes used interchangeably, but they mean quite different things. A mutation is a single change in the genetic material of the virus (RNA in this case). A variant is the whole sequence of the virus (the genome), which may contain one or more mutations.
Q3. Consider the following statements :
- A vitamin is an inorganic molecule.
- Vitamin A, D, E and K are water soluble.
- Lack of vitamin B 12 can lead to disruption in the nervous system and the circulatory system.
How many of the above statements are correct?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None
Answer: (a)
Explanation:
Statement 1 is incorrect: A vitamin is an organic molecule (or a set of molecules closely related chemically, i.e. vitamers) that is an essential micronutrient that an organism needs in small quantities for the proper functioning of its metabolism.
Statement 2 is incorrect: Vitamin A, D, E and K are fat soluble, while Vitamin B, C are water soluble.
Statement 3 is correct: A vitamin B12 deficiency can lead to disruption in the nervous system and the circulatory system. Vitamin B12 deficiencies can lead to megaloblastic anemia, a condition where the bone marrow produces large abnormally shaped red blood cells that do not function properly. Dementia, paranoia, depression, and behavioral changes can result from a vitamin B12 deficiency. Neurological damage sometimes cannot be reversed.
Q4. Which factors influence ocean currents?
- Earth’s rotation (Coriolis force)
- Winds across the ocean
- Density of the water
- Temperature of water
Choose the correct statement(s) using the code given below
(a) 1, 2 and 4
(b) 2, 3 and 4
(c) 1, 2 and 3
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Answer: (d)
Explanation:
Ocean current is a massive movement of ocean water that is caused and influenced by various forces. Factors that Influence Ocean Current are:
- Insolation: Heating by solar energy causes the water to expand. That is why, near the equator the ocean water is about 8 cm higher in level than in the middle latitudes. This causes a very slight gradient and water tends to flow down the slope. The flow is normally from east to west.
- Wind: The ocean’s surface is blown by wind, which causes the water to move. Friction between the wind and the water surface affects the movement of the water body in its course.
- Gravity: Gravity tends to pull the water down the pile and create gradient variation.
- Coriolis force: The Coriolis force intervenes and causes the water to move to the right in the northern hemisphere and to the left in the southern hemisphere.
- Water density: Water with high salinity is denser than water with low salinity and in the same way cold water is denser than warm water. Denser water tends to sink, while relatively lighter water tends to rise.
- Temperature of water: Cold-water Ocean currents occur when the cold water at the poles sinks and slowly moves towards the equator. Warm-water currents travel out from the equator along the surface, flowing towards the poles to replace the sinking cold water.
Q5. Why do Fold Mountains have enormous thickness of sedimentary rocks?
(a) Due to deposition of sediments in a valley for millions of years
(b) Due to accumulation of sediments in a geosyncline
(c) The plains were folded into mountains
(d) The sediments were folded into recumbent and nappe folds
Answer: (b)
Explanation:
Fold mountains are mountains formed from the folding of the earth’s crust. Fold mountains are formed when two plates move together (a compressional plate margin). This can be where two continental plates move towards each other or a continental and an oceanic plate. The movement of the two plates forces sedimentary rocks upwards into a series of folds. Fold mountains are usually formed from sedimentary rocks and are usually found along the edges of the continents. This is because the thickest deposits of sedimentary rock generally accumulate along the edges of continents. When plates and the continents riding on them collide, the accumulated layers of rock crumple and fold like a tablecloth that is pushed across a table.