Daily MCQs – 27th Oct 23
Q1. With reference to the Collegium system in India, consider the following statements:
- The collegium system governs the appointment and transfer of judges in the subordinate courts.
- The collegium system is based on the principle of judicial independence.
- A reiterated decision by the Collegium holds legal authority and is mandatory for the government to implement.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer: (b)
Explanation:
Statement 1 is incorrect: The collegium system governs the appointment and transfer of judges in the Supreme Court and the High Court. The process of appointing subordinate court judges varies from state to state. However, in general, the state governments appoint subordinate court judges from a list of candidates who have been recommended by the High Court. The High Court prepares the list of candidates based on their performance in a competitive examination and an interview.
Statements 2 is correct: The collegium system is based on the principle of judicial independence. It is believed that the judiciary should be independent of the executive and the legislature, and that the best way to ensure this independence is to give the judiciary a say in its own appointments.
Statement 3 is correct: If the government returns a recommendation from the Collegium for reconsideration, and the Collegium reiterates its recommendation, the government is bound to accept it. This is because the Supreme Court has held that the Collegium is the best body to assess the suitability of a candidate for judicial appointment. The Supreme Court has also held that the government cannot arbitrarily delay the appointment of judges. If the government does not appoint a judge within a reasonable time frame, the Supreme Court can issue a mandamus order directing the government to make the appointment.
Q2. Consider the following statements:
- There is no single national-level regulator in India that is responsible for approving all environmental clearances for projects.
- Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is only required for projects that are likely to have a negative impact on the environment.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer: (a)
Explanation:
Statement 1 is correct: Environmental Clearance (EC) is a process by which the Indian government ensures that development projects do not have an undue negative impact on the environment. The EC process is governed by the Environment Protection Act, 1986, and the Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification, 2006. Under the current system, EC is granted by either the central government or the state government, depending on the type and size of the project.
Statement 2 is incorrect: EIA is a process that assesses the potential environmental consequences of a proposed project, including both positive and negative impacts. The purpose of EIA is to ensure that decision-makers, along with the public, have a comprehensive understanding of how a project may affect the environment, allowing for informed decision-making and the implementation of mitigation measures to minimize or offset negative impacts. Positive impacts, such as environmental benefits, can also be evaluated within the EIA process.
Q3. Consider the following statements with reference to Geographical Indications (GI) Tag:
- GI Tag is a certification that ensures a product is of the highest quality.
- To be eligible for a GI tag, a product must have a specific geographical origin and its unique qualities must be due to that origin.
- Jaderi namakatti, from Tamil Nadu, has recently receive the GI tag.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer: (b)
Explanation:
Statement 1 is incorrect: A GI tag, or geographical indication, is actually a certification that a product has a specific geographical origin and possesses unique qualities or a reputation that is related to that origin. It doesn’t necessarily mean that the product is of the highest quality. It just means that it’s distinctive because of its place of origin.
Statements 2 and 3 are correct: To be eligible for a GI tag, a product must have a specific geographical origin and its unique qualities must be due to that origin. Jaderi namakatti, from Tamil Nadu, has recently receive the GI tag. Jaderi Namakatti is a type of clay stick that is white in colour. They are usually available in finger-like shape with a smooth texture.
Q4. SammakkaSaralamma Jatara is a tribal festival of :
(a) Odisha
(b) West Bengal
(c) Telangana
(d) Tamil Nadu
Answer: (c)
Explanation:
SammakkaSaralamma Jatara is a tribal festival that is celebrated in the Telangana state of India. The festival is held in honor of Sammakka and Saralamma, two tribal women who are revered as goddesses by the Koyas, a tribal community in the region.
Q5. With reference to Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of (Hybrid &) Electric Vehicles in India (FAME) Scheme, consider the following statements:
- It is a government incentive scheme that aims to promote the adoption of gasoline vehicles in India.
- The scheme is being implemented by the Ministry of Heavy Industries.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer: (b)
Explanation:
Statement 1 is incorrect: FAME Scheme provides incentives to manufacturers and buyers of electric and hybrid vehicles and aims to increase demand for these vehicles by providing financial support.
Statement 2 is correct. The scheme is being implemented by the Ministry of Heavy Industries.